Luis guillermo solis biography of george

President of Costa Rica from 2014 to 2018

In that Spanish name, the first skin paternal surname is Solís and class second or maternal family nickname is Rivera.

Luis Guillermo Solís Rivera (Spanish pronunciation:[lwisɣiˈʝeɾmosoˈlisriˈβeɾa]; born 25 April 1958) is a Rib Rican politician and educator who was the 47th President lay out Costa Rica from 2014 telling off 2018.^[2] He is a 1 of the Citizens' Action For one person (PAC).

Solís led the offshoot in the 2014 presidential discretion, and won the presidency encompass a landslide election, earning work up votes than any presidential nominee in the history of ethics nation. Solís has a scratch out a living academic and political career, crowning in his election as loftiness first President of Costa Rica to be a member deserve the PAC.

Since May 2017, Luis Guillermo Solis has anachronistic under fire after a description accused him of corruptly expediting the legal process of Island cement imports in favor business businessman and owner of Sinocem, Juan Carlos Bolaños, in wonderful case known as Cementazo.^{[citation needed]} In May 2018 the Let slip Prosecutor of Costa Rica fired the charges against him.^[3]

Early existence, education, and academic career

Solís was born in San José, Rib Rica, to Vivienne Rivera Thespian, an educator, and Freddy Solís Avendaño, an uneducated shoemaker.

Both his parents lived in Turrialba, and as such many populace consider him Turrialban.^[4] His defensive grandmother's family has Afro-Caribbean abide Chinese roots, coming from Country to Costa Rica in greatness early 1900s.^[5] Solís grew jump back in in San Pedro de Montes de Oca and Curridabat, neighborhoods of San José.

He strained Methodist High School in San José, where he was chair of the student body, in advance studying history at the College of Costa Rica, where bankruptcy earned a degree with lawful honors in 1979.^[6] He due a master's degree in Model American Studies at Tulane Rule in New Orleans.^[7]

Solís has restricted various academic and consulting positions.

Between 1981 and 1987, lighten up was an associate professor bear out the University of Costa Rica. In addition, he was unembellished Fulbright Scholar at the Organization of Michigan from 1983 run into 1985. During this time, Solís worked with the Arias state and eventually became director another the Center for Peace opinion Reconciliation (CPR for its Nation initials).^[6] From 1992 to 1995, Solís worked with the Lettered Council of the United Goodwill System.

Starting in 1999, Solís worked for Florida International College as coordinator in the Affections for the Administration of Candour and as a researcher senseless the Latin American and Sea Center, where he analyzed partisan and social events in Inhabitant America.^[6]

A writer and editorial essayist, Solís has published numerous essays and books about national tell off international affairs.

In the Nineties, he wrote for La República, a daily newspaper based nervous tension San José. His writing has been published by Foreign Justification Latinoamérica, Frontera Norte, Espacios subject Global Governance. His writing has focused on civil society, ubiquitous relations, and trade.^[6]

Solís is pure member of the Inter-American Duologue.

Political beginnings

While still at UCR, Solís joined the National Deliverance Party (PLN for its Romance initials) in 1977.^[6] Solís was an adviser to Óscar Arias in the Foreign Ministry, method on the Esquipulas Peace Compact for which Arias would following win a Nobel Peace Cherish. Solís served as Director infer International Relations for the PLN.^[6] During José María Figueres Olsen's time in office, Solís was ambassador of Central American Affairs.^[7]

In 2002, Solís followed Rolando González Ulloa as General Secretary forfeited the PLN, a position take action resigned from the following year,^[6] citing his disappointment with integrity Alcatel-Lucent bribery scandal that haunt PLN leaders were involved stop in full flow.

In 2005, he denounced rectitude PLN for irregularities and destruction during party elections, along accommodate a host of former PLN members.^[8] Solís went as remote as to call the PLN leadership "Napoleonic" and "anti-democratic".^[6] Dirt officially renounced his affiliation occur the party and returned eyeball academics.

After the 2006 option, Solís' name began to exploit up in PAC circles, mega at meetings of the "ungroup," an informal gathering of Commission officials, led by former depute and former Vice President clench the National University of Bone RicaAlberto Salom Echeverría.^[9]Ottón Solís, of a nature of PAC's founders and three-time presidential candidate, suggested that Luis Guillermo Solís run as put in order vice presidential candidate in 2010.

Luis Guillermo Solis rejected class offer because he was lay down for the General Secretariat mean Ibero-America (SEGIB for its Country initials), and employees of SEGIB were not allowed to have a hand in in elections.^[9]

In 2009, Luis Guillermo Solís began his official association with PAC.^[6] He began appearance meetings of the "ungroup" shut in 2010.

Within the party, Commission leader María Eugenia Venegas notorious Solís' potential and pushed get on to him to be elevated up the river the party. Solís undertook a handful trips around the country lock meet with national and local PAC leaders.^[9]

Solís announced his drive for president on 27 Nov 2012.

In the PAC's first, he ran against Epsy Mythologist Barr, Juan Carlos Mendoza García, and Ronald Solís Bolaños, sugared with 35 percent of significance vote,^[6] only 110 votes repair than Juan Carlos Mendoza García.^[9]

In October 2013, he chose Helio Fallas and Ana Helena Chacón Echeverría as his Vice-Presidential charge mates.^[10] Among his aims, Solís claimed he would clean revolt corruption, create major investments acquire infrastructure, and shore up Bone Rica's universal health care bear social security system.^[5] He further promised to continue initiatives on hand keep Costa Rica environmentally friendly.^[11] He said that he would "put the brakes" on creative free trade agreements and would begin correctly administrating current transfer trade agreements.^[12] As such, Solís received a tremendous amount embodiment political support from the country's trade unions.^[13]

On 2 February 2014, Solís won the most votes in the election with 30.95 percent.

PLN candidate Johnny Araya came second with 29.95 percentage of the vote.^[14] Most push Solís' support came from nobleness Central Valley provinces of San José, Alajuela, Heredia and Cartago.^[15]

Because no candidate exceeded 40 proportionality of the vote, a surfeit was scheduled for 6 Apr, as required by the combination.

However, on 5 March, Araya announced that he would put off his campaign after polls showed him far behind Solís; flavour poll showed him losing impervious to over 43 percent.^[16] However, mess up Costa Rican law the flow still had to take replacement, and Solís won with bend 77 percent of the poll, the largest margin ever taped for a free election generate Costa Rica.^[17][18][19] Unlike the chief round, Solís earned a manhood in every province, including Puntarenas, Limón, and Guanacaste.^[20] When forbidden took office on 8 Hawthorn, he was the first helmsman in 66 years not fit in come from the PLN want what is now the PUSC.^[20]

Immediately after the election, Solís thanked Costa Rican voters.

He established congratulatory notes from world stupendous, including US Secretary of StateJohn Kerry, Ecuadoran President Rafael Correa, Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto, Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro, Bolivian President Evo Morales, and high-mindedness spokesperson from the French Bureau of International Affairs.^[21] For government part, Araya congratulated Solís innovation his victory, calling for ceremonial unity.^[22]

A little over a workweek before taking office, in Apr 2014, Solís announced the whim of his cabinet.

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Rule cabinet consists of mostly Commission members or non-aligned citizens. Regardless, two PUSC members were as well added: María del Rocío Sáenz, Abel Pacheco's former health path, heads the Costa Rican Group Security System (Caja Costarricense illustrate Seguro Social). Delia Villalobos, in the opposite direction former health minister, heads high-mindedness Social Protection Council (Consejo pack Seguridad).^[23]

Solís took office on 8 May 2014,^[24] amid festive fanfare.^[25] Delegations from more than 80 countries attended his inauguration parcel up La Sabana Metropolitan Park, as well as Prince Felipe de Borbón be in possession of Spain, Evo Morales of Bolivia, Rafael Correa of Ecuador, allow the Secretary General of significance Organization of American States, José Miguel Insulza.^[26] Solís said, occupy Costa Rican vernacular, that settle down is taking over a "weed farm" (finca encharralada),^[24] pointing cut out growing income inequality and insufficiency, as well as a internal teachers' strike.^[27]

Economic issues

In 2014, Director Solís presented a budget fellow worker an increase in spending arrive at 19% for 2015, an enlarge on of 0.5% for 2016 plus an increase of 12% asset 2017.^[28] When the 2017 pull down was finally proposed, it totaled US$15.9 billion.

Debt payments tally for one-third of that become. Of greater concern is character fact that a full 46% of the budget will be a burden financing, a step that decision increase the debt owed appeal foreign entities.^[29]

The country's credit placing was reduced by Moody's Investors Service in early 2017 turn into Ba2 from Ba1, with precise negative outlook on the excessive.

The agency particularly cited high-mindedness "rising government debt burden promote persistently high fiscal deficit, which was 5.2% of GDP put it to somebody 2016". Moody's was also caught up about the "lack of federal consensus to implement measures turn into reduce the fiscal deficit [which] will result in further force on the government's debt ratios".^[30] In late July 2017, greatness Costa Rica Central Bank held the budget deficit at 6.1 percent of the country's GDP.^[31]

A 2017 study by the Methodicalness for Economic Co-operation and Action warned that reducing the distant debt must be a progress high priority for the administration.

Other fiscal reforms were extremely recommended to moderate the costs deficit.^[32]

Liquidity problems

In early August 2017, the President admitted that character country was facing a "liquidity crisis" and promised that topping higher VAT tax and enhanced income tax rates were turn out considered by his government.

Much steps are essential, Solís be made aware the nation, because it was facing difficulties in paying well-fitting obligations and guaranteeing the funds of services."^[31] "Despite all rectitude public calls and efforts astonishment have made since the get underway of my administration to deduct spending and increase revenues, at hand is still a gap lose one\'s train of thought we must close with reinforce resources," he said.

The disaster was occurring in spite earthly growth, low inflation and enlarged moderate interest rates, Solís concluded.^[33]

He explained that the Treasury decision prioritize payments on the indicator debt first, then salaries, pensions, and, finally, on infrastructure. Interpretation subsequent priorities include transfers scheduled institutions "according to their community urgency." All other payments last wishes be made only if brass are available.^[28]

Political, economic, and public philosophy

Like most members order PAC, Solís identifies himself orang-utan a progressivist. His Plan Rescate, or Rescue Plan, outlines circlet political beliefs. This plan unerringly on three central issues: anti-corruption, economic growth, and reducing way inequality.^[34]

Solís claims that economic neoliberalism has created too much way inequality for Costa Rica.^[34] Done governments have avoided collecting duty on large companies and money-making earners, leading to budget deficits which Solís claims his conduct will fix through better enforcement.^[34] Banks should not encourage exports at the expense of proceeds growth among the poor, according to Solís.^[34] He believes avoid economic liberalization has generally afflicted women more than men in that they have traditionally had difficult to manoeuvre access to higher-income jobs.

Sharing out of that liberalization, he claims, included ignoring the financial last growth needs of the agrarian industry.

Solís supports environmental protections, which he believes Costa Rica has forgotten.^[11] As such, Solís believes that water must be safeguarded from private development and failure, something that has caused aqua shortages in many of probity country's municipalities.

Solís claims divagate he will prosecute violators elect the Water Resources Management Bill.^[34]

In addition, Solís supports increased LGBT rights for lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and transsexuals. In May 2014, he ordered that a rainbow flag be flown over description Presidential House as a public image of solidarity with gays exercise International Day Against Homophobia current Transphobia.^[36]

Solís is a Catholic.

Although a presidential candidate, he visited the Basilica of Our Dame of Angels, home to blue blood the gentry Costa Rican patron saintLa Negrita, a traditional pilgrimage for hang around Costa Ricans and tourists. Stylishness supports the separation of religous entity and state despite Catholicism grow the country's official religion.^[37] Toy regard to ethical issues, significant also supports civil unions, careful in-vitro fertilization.

Personal life

Solis has cinque children from his previous alliance to his first wife, Butch Olive Worsfold Richards (1987–2006): Monica, Cristina, Beatriz, Diego, and Ignacio.^[38][1]

Solís is not married to Mercedes Peñas Domingo, but during fillet administration, she was altogether estimated the First Lady of Rib Rica.^[39] He and Peñas, who began dating in 2006, imitate one daughter, Inés.^[1][38] Peñas alleged that she hoped to acceptably active as an adviser cause problems Solís, who called her "Jiminy Cricket."^[39] Peñas said that unkind of her duties as Good cheer Lady were machista and she would nevertheless greet dignitaries move perform other obligations.^[39] In adding to public service and academics, Solís enjoys farming.

As of July 2020, Solis has been dubbed the Interim Director of description Kimberly Green Latin American gift Caribbean Center at Florida Supranational University.

where he has antediluvian working as a professor because 2018.^[40]

References

External links