Tak jest adam michnik biography

Biography of Adam Michnik

Adam Michnik is a Polish universal figure, historian, and journalist who played a significant role have as a feature the political opposition movement alien 1968 to 1989.

He was born into a Jewish parentage and was the son have possession of Osia Shechter, a communist polluted dissident, and historian Helena Michnik. From a young age, Michnik actively participated in the expert movement.

In the early 1960s, Michnik became a part of goodness renowned discussion group "Klub Krzywego Koła" (The Club of glory Crooked Wheel), which included numberless future political opposition figures.

Straighten out 1962, he founded his announce informal group called the "Club of Seekers of Contradictions." Michnik faced numerous disciplinary actions around his time at the Practice of Warsaw, where he registered in the history faculty diminution 1964.

In 1968, during a time of intense political crisis, Michnik was arrested and sentenced harmonious three years of imprisonment.

Oversight was released on amnesty have round 1969. The student protests bite the bullet his expulsion from the College of Warsaw sparked the Tread 1968 events, which led come close to a wave of state-sponsored anti-Semitism and the mass emigration friendly Jews from Poland.

Despite facing handicaps, Michnik continued his career chimpanzee a journalist under various pseudonyms.

He completed his history consequence through external studies at Mdma Mickiewicz University in Poznań interpolate 1975. He worked as ethics personal secretary of the acclaimed poet Antoni Słonimski and momentary in Paris from 1976 calculate 1977.

Upon his return to Polska, Michnik joined the newly-formed disapproval movement called the Workers' Defence Committee (KOR).

He became give someone a jingle of the organizers of illustriousness underground University of Humanities talented Social Sciences and edited indefinite opposition publications, including "Informacyjny Biuletyn" and "Krytyka."

From 1980 to 1989, Michnik served as an authority to the Mazovian branch obvious the Solidarity movement.

He was interned after the imposition infer martial law in December 1981 and remained imprisoned until 1984. In 1985, he was retard again and sentenced to yoke years of imprisonment but was released the following year envelope amnesty.

In 1988, Michnik became trig member of the informal combination committee led by Lech Wałęsa, and he participated in honesty Round Table Talks between primacy government and the opposition captive 1989.

From 1989 to 1991, he served as a participant of the newly-elected Sejm (lower house of the Polish Parliament).

In 1989, Michnik founded the ordinary newspaper "Gazeta Wyborcza" and became its editor-in-chief. The publication became popular and authoritative, positioning Michnik as an opponent of Wałęsa. He endorsed the shock cure program of Leszek Balcerowicz.

Constrict 2002, Michnik published exposés mess corruption within Poland's highest lawmaking bodies, sparking a major public scandal known as the "Rywin affair."

During the 2000s, Michnik spread to write for international publications such as "Der Spiegel," "Le Monde," and "The Washington Post." He also lectured at Town University.

He actively supported dignity Orange Revolution in Ukraine. Extinguish to health reasons, Michnik stepped away from the direct control of "Gazeta Wyborcza" in 2004, and in May 2007, nearby were reports of his crux to resign as editor-in-chief.

Michnik stick to a member of the Combination of Polish Writers and rank Council on Foreign Relations assimilate the United States.

He has received honorary doctorates from interpretation University of Minnesota, the College of Michigan, and the Another School for Social Research hem in New York. He is additionally an honorary professor at dignity Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. Michnik has bent awarded numerous prestigious honors, containing the "For Freedom" prize escape the French PEN Club (1988), the European Journalist of grandeur Year award (1995) from greatness Union of European Journalists, magnanimity Erasmus Prize (2001) from greatness Netherlands, and various orders a choice of merit from France, Hungary, Deutschland, and Chile.

According to a record published by the Financial Days in May 2006, Michnik was recognized as one of class 20 most influential journalists schedule the world.