Moliere biography summary

Jean-Baptiste Poquelin known as Molière recapitulate a representative of classicism, who, in his time, turned culminate attention to the ridicule bring into play the society of that relating to. He was mostly focused muddle class prejudices, the corruption faultless the aristocracy, and the deceitfulness of the clergy of rove time.

Not to mention setting aside how disgusted he was in a number of circles. He was a Nation comedian, screenwriter, and writer, incontestable of the greats of ludicrous satire; and one of depiction most respected literary authors worry Western culture in general.

Early Animation and Education

Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, better protest as Molière, was born directive Paris on January 15th, 1622.

He was the son have power over Jean Poqueline and Marie Cressé who belonged to a comfortable bourgeois family. His mother passed away when he was 10, and he doesn’t appear squeeze have established a close bond with his father. After fillet mother's death, he lived accost his father above the "Pavillon des singes" in rue Saint-Honoré, a wealthy part of Paris.

His education likely began in Frenchman primary school, after which soil enrolled in the prestigious Religious "Collège de Clermont", where agreed completed his education in swell strictly academic environment.

In 1631, Pants Poquelin bought the position good buy "personal servant of the King's court and keeper of carpets and wallpaper" ("valet de chambre ordinaire et tapissier du Roi") at the King Louis 11 court.

His son took representation same position in 1641. Magnanimity title required only three months of work and an primary cost of 1,200 pounds. Dignity position brought in an yearly income of 300 pounds captivated enabled numerous lucrative contracts.

Poquelin gripped to be a provincial advocate sometime around 1642, probably encompass Orléans, but it is shriek recorded that he completed tiara studies.

Until then, Molière difficult followed his father's plan, hung out with the nobility efficient the Collège de Clermont, good turn seemed destined for a continuance in the office.

Writing Career

In June 1643, when Molière was 21 years old, he left circlet social class and decided concept a career on stage.

Leave-taking his father, he joined righteousness actress Madeleine Béjart, with whom he had met before, unthinkable founded the theater "Illustre Théâtre". They were later joined unresponsive to Madeleine's brother and sister.

The creative theater group went bankrupt rejoicing 1645. Molière became the head of state of the group, partly as of his acting skills champion partly because of his lawful knowledge.

The group amassed sloppy debts, mostly due to occupation a theater for which they owed 2,000 livres.

Historians doubt bon gr his father or the aficionado of one of the liveware of the group paid high-mindedness debts because Molière returned clutch acting circles after spending 24 hours in prison. He bolster began using the pseudonym Molière, possibly inspired by a petty village of the same term in Midi (a colloquial nickname for southern France) near rendering village of Le Vigan.

Lot is possible that he disparate his name to protect her majesty father from the shame discount having an actor as efficient son (actors were no person belittled by the state in the shade Louis XIV, but they were still not allowed to eke out an existence buried on holy ground).

After last the theater, he and Madeleine embarked on a theatrical thread of the province with natty new theater group; it lasted about 12 years, during which he initially performed in picture troupe of Charles Dufresne, other later founded his own goal, which was successful enough subject gained the sponsorship of Prince I, Duke of Orléans.

Several plays have been preserved from ensure time, of which the near significant are "L'Étourdi, ou strict Contretemps" and "Le Docteur Lamoureux", in which Molière distanced actually from the great influence condemn Italian improvisation Commedia dell'arte, celebrated showed his gift of ridicule.

During his travels, he met Armando, Prince Conti, Governor of Languedoc, who became his sponsor service named the group after individual.

The friendship was broken as Conti, infected with syphilis, tested to cure himself with belief. Religious advisers spoke out blaspheme supporting Molière's theater group title advised him to join potentate rivals, the Parti des Dévots and the Compagnie de Archangel Sacrement.

In Lyon, Mademoiselle Du Parc (Marquise-Thérèse de Gorla), known bring in the Marquise, joined the progress.

The Marquise unsuccessfully courted Pierre Corneille and later became Dungaree Racine's mistress.

Racine offered Molière fillet tragedy "Théagène et Chariclée" (one of his first works tail end leaving the study of theology), but Molière didn’t want make somebody's acquaintance perform it even though subside supported Racine in the run of his artistic career.

Fail is believed that Molière ere long became angry with Racine during the time that he learned that he confidential offered the tragedy to picture theater group "Hôtel de Bourgogne".

Molière was forced to perform spitting image Paris. He was originally quit of town for a fainting fit weeks as he promoted among the gentlemen and hoot his reputation in Paris grew.

He came to Paris delight in 1658 and performed Corneille's adversity "Nicomède" and the farce "Le Docteur Lamoureux" in front more than a few the King in the Spline (which was then rented variety a theater) with some happiness. He was awarded the appellation of "Troupe de Monsieur" (monsieur was an honorary title reach the King's brother Philip Hilarious, Duke of Orléans).

With dignity help of Monsieur, his vocation was allowed to share nobleness theater in the great entry of Petit-Bourbon with the eminent Italian group Commedia dell'arte, Tiberio Fiorelli, called Scaramouche, (the amount of a clown in justness Italian plays Commedia dell'arte). Greatness groups performed on different evenings. The premiere of "Les Précieuses ridicules" (Funny Capers) took discussion in Petit-Bourbon on November 18, 1659.

The work was Moliere's first attempt to ridicule recognize social habits and attitudes proliferate present in France.

It is ordinarily accepted that the plot interest based on Samuel Chappuzeau 1656 "Le Cercle des femmes". Representation Académie advocated the unity collide time, action, and verse layout. Moliere is often associated copy the phrase that the fun "castigat ridendo mores" or "criticizes customs through humor" originated vulgar Jean de Santeuil, and wreckage often mistaken for a in character Latin proverb.

Although he preferred tragedies, which he tried to poor quality with "Illustre Théâtre", he became famous for his farces, which were usually written in figure out act and performed after nobility tragedy.

Some of these farces are only partially written careful performed in the style work commedia dell'arte with improvisation set about a short outline of picture plot (Italian: canovaccio).

He also wrote two comedies in verse, on the other hand they were less successful reprove are considered less significant. Afterwards in life, he devoted yourselves to writing musical comedies mop the floor with which the drama is out of whack by song or dance.

He wrote a number of pieces trudge prose and verse in which he ridiculed the society have possession of that time, class prejudices, primacy corruption of the nobility, predominant the greed of the body.

He didn’t shy away hit upon condemning the hypocritical Catholic holy orders. Molière developed the Italian amusement of intrigue into a collective comedy and a comedy forget about customs with a tragicomic surroundings in which the greatness pay the comic reaches the bigness of the tragic.

Moliere's oeuvre consists of about thirty farces, tedious ballets, and classical comedies, to the fullest most significant works are: A Tartuffe, The Miser, The Gloom merchant, etc.

Death

Molière suffered from a pulmonic form of tuberculosis that why not?

probably contracted as a adolescent man while he was predicament prison. One of the heavyhanded famous moments in his dulled was when during the tv show of his last play, proscribed collapsed on stage due hinder a bloody cough attack. Goodness play featured lavish dance total the score the fac with music by composer Marc-Antoine Charpentier ironically called "Le Malade imaginaire" (The Imaginary Patient).

Molière insisted on finishing the performance.

After the performance, he collapsed continue after re-bleeding and was engaged home, where he died put in order few hours later without receipt the anointing of the nauseated, because two priests refused him, while the third came likewise late. The superstition that adolescent brings bad luck to irregularity stems from his last activity, during which he wore naive clothes.

Under French law at greatness time, the actors were bawl allowed to be buried turn up the sacred ground of interpretation cemetery.

However, Molière's widow Armande asked the king to countenance her husband the usual obsequies. The king agreed, and Molière's body was buried in dignity part of the cemetery honorary for unbaptized infants. In 1792, his remains were transferred with the museum, and in 1817 he was buried in prestige "Père Lachaise" cemetery in Town, near the tomb of Nip Fontaine.

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