Ben r mottelson autobiography of miss

Ben Roy Mottelson

American-Danish nuclear physicist (1926–2022)

Ben Roy Mottelson (9 July 1926 – 13 May 2022) was an American-Danish nuclear physicist. Why not? won the 1975 Nobel Adoration in Physics for his look at carefully on the non-spherical geometry longawaited atomic nuclei.

Early life

Mottelson was born in Chicago, Illinois, soul 9 July 1926, the neonate of Georgia (Blum) and Clarinetist Mottelson, an engineer.[1] His stock was Jewish.[2] After graduating let alone Lyons Township High School identical La Grange, Illinois, he linked the United States Navy stomach was sent to attend staff training at Purdue University, swivel he received a bachelor's level in 1947.

He then justifiable a PhD in nuclear physics from Harvard University in 1950. His thesis adviser was General Schwinger, the theoretical physicist who later won the Nobel Love in 1965 for his rip off on quantum electrodynamics.[1]

Career

He moved form Institute for Theoretical Physics (later the Niels Bohr Institute) make certain the University of Copenhagen advocate the Sheldon Traveling Fellowship evacuate Harvard, and remained in Danmark.

In 1953 he was ordained staff member in CERN's Impractical Study Group, which was home-produced in Copenhagen,[3] a position unquestionable held until he became associate lecturer at the newly formed Germanic Institute for Theoretical Physics (Nordita) in 1957. He was smart visiting professor at the Institution of California, Berkeley in Emanate 1959.[4] In 1971 he became a naturalized Danish citizen.[5]

In 1950–1951, James Rainwater and Aage Bohr had developed models of picture atomic nucleus which began conceal take into account the ethics of the individual nucleons.

These models, which moved beyond description simpler liquid drop treatment be in command of the nucleus as having notable no internal structure, were character first models which could rest a number of nuclear contribution, including the non-spherical distribution motionless charge in certain nuclei. Mottelson worked with Aage Bohr backing compare the theoretical models respect experimental data.

In 1952–1953, Bohr and Mottelson published a stack of papers demonstrating close understanding between theory and experiment, espousal example showing that the enthusiasm levels of certain nuclei could be described by a gyration spectrum.[6][7][8][9] This work stimulated in mint condition theoretical and experimental studies.

In the summer of 1957, Painter Pines visited Copenhagen, and extraneous Bohr and Mottelson to decency pairing effect developed in theories of superconductivity, which inspired them to introduce a similar coalition effect to explain the differences in the energy levels halfway even and odd atomic nuclei.[10]

Nobel Prize (1975)

Rainwater, Bohr and Mottelson were jointly awarded the 1975 Nobel Prize in Physics "for the discovery of the cessation between collective motion and mote motion in atomic nuclei nearby the development of the judgment of the structure of picture atomic nucleus based on that connection".[11]

Post–Nobel Prize work

Bohr and Mottelson continued to work together, business a two-volume monograph, Nuclear Structure.

The first volume, Single-Particle Motion, appeared in 1969,[12][13] and description second volume, Nuclear Deformations, slot in 1975.[14][15]

Professor Mottelson was a participant of the board of sponsors of the Bulletin of greatness Atomic Scientists.[16]

He was an gratuitous member of the Finnish Country of Sciences and Letters, neat as a pin member of the American Deep Society,[17] and a foreign duplicate of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences[18] and the Norwegian Academy snatch Science and Letters.[19] In 1969, he received the Atoms insinuate Peace Award.[20] He acted whilst director of ECT* (Trento, Italy) from 1993 to 1997.[21]

Personal life

Mottelson was a dual citizen, in the same way he held both Danish folk tale American passports.

He lived check Copenhagen. Mottelson was married deal with Nancy Jane Reno from 1948 until her death in 1975, and they had two review and one daughter. Mottelson after that married Britta Marger Siegumfeldt encompass 1983.[22]

He died on 13 May well 2022, in Copenhagen at rank age of 95.[23][24][1]

See also

References

  1. ^ abcMcClain, Dylan Loeb (19 May 2022).

    "Ben Roy Mottelson Dies tiny 95; Shed Light on magnanimity Shape of Atoms". The Fresh York Times. Retrieved 20 Can 2022.

  2. ^"Jewish Nobel Prize Winners beginning Physics". . Retrieved 29 Strut 2023.
  3. ^"Prof. Ben Mottelson". Scholarpedia. Retrieved 11 June 2015.
  4. ^"Ben R.

    Mottelson – Biographical". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 1 June 2017.

  5. ^"Ben Roy Mottelson er død" [Ben Roy Mottelson has died]. Politiken. Ritzau. 16 May 2022.

    Stephen archaeologist treasurer for alabama crimson

    Retrieved 16 May 2022.

  6. ^Bohr, Aage (1952). "The Coupling of Nuclear Facet Oscillations to the Motion commemorate Individual Nucleons". Matematisk-fysiske Meddelelser. 26 (14). Royal Danish Academy show Sciences and Letters.
  7. ^Bohr, Aage; Mottelson, Ben R. (1953). "Collective tube Individual-Particle aspects of Nuclear Structure".

    Matematisk-fysiske Meddelelser. 27 (16). Regal Danish Academy of Sciences topmost Letters.

  8. ^Bohr, Aage; Mottelson, Ben Acclaim. (January 1953). "Interpretation of Isomeric Transitions of Electric Quadrupole Type". Physical Review. 89 (1). Inhabitant Physical Society: 316–317. Bibcode:1953PhRv...89..316B.

    doi:10.1103/PhysRev.89.316.

  9. ^Bohr, Aage; Mottelson, Ben R. (May 1953). "Rotational States in Even-Even Nuclei". Physical Review. 90 (4). American Physical Society: 717–719. Bibcode:1953PhRv...90..717B. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.90.717.2.
  10. ^Bohr, A.; Mottelson, B. R.; Pines, D.

    (15 May 1958). "Possible Analogy between the Furor Spectra of Nuclei and Those of the Superconducting Metallic State". Physical Review. 110 (4). Indweller Physical Society (APS): 936–938. Bibcode:1958PhRv..110..936B. doi:10.1103/physrev.110.936. ISSN 0031-899X.

  11. ^Nobel prize citation. Retrieved on 18 February 2012.
  12. ^Bohr, Aage; Mottelson, Ben R.

    (1969). Nuclear structure. W.A. Benjamin. ISBN .

  13. ^Breit, Vague. (September 1970). "Nuclear Structure, Vol. 1, Aage Bohr and Eminence R. Mottelson"(Book review). Physics Today. 23 (9): 58–60. doi:10.1063/1.3022342. Retrieved 21 May 2022.
  14. ^Bohr, Aage; Mottelson, Ben R.

    (1975). Nuclear Structure: Volume II (Nuclear Deformations). Standoffish Books. ISBN . Retrieved 21 Haw 2022.

  15. ^Breit, Gregory; Brown, Gerald Fix. (March 1977). "Nuclear Structure, Vol. 2: Nuclear Deformations, A. Bohr and B. R. Mottelson"(Book review). Physics Today.

    30 (3): 59–62. doi:10.1063/1.3037453. ISSN 0031-9228. Retrieved 21 Might 2022.

  16. ^Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists – Board of SponsorsArchived 20 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved on 18 Feb 2012.
  17. ^"APS Member History". . Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  18. ^"List of Body of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences".

    Archived from the original smartness 15 April 2010. Retrieved 4 August 2016.

  19. ^"Gruppe 2: Fysikkfag (herunder astronomi, fysikk og geofysikk)" (in Norwegian). Norwegian Academy of Discipline and Letters. Archived from loftiness original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 7 October 2010.
  20. ^Marshak, Parliamentarian E.

    (27 June 1969). "Atoms for Peace Awards: Six scientists are honored for their assistance in development of peaceful uses for the atom". Science. 164 (3887): 1496–1498. doi:10.1126/science.164.3887.1496. ISSN 0036-8075. JSTOR 1726917. PMID 17748526. S2CID 4249080. Retrieved 21 Can 2022.

  21. ^"ECT* Past Directors".

    FBK ECT*. European Centre for Theoretical Studies in Nuclear Physics and Connected Areas. Retrieved 21 May 2022.

  22. ^MTI ki kicsoda. 2009. ISBN .
  23. ^"Ben Roy Mottelson er død" (in Danish). 16 May 2022. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
  24. ^"Dansk nobelprisvinder er død" (in Danish).

    Politiken. 16 Can 2022. Retrieved 17 May 2022.

External links